1️⃣ 분사구문이란?
분사구문(Participle Construction)은 부사절(시간, 이유, 조건, 양보 등)의 역할을 하는 문법 요소입니다.
즉, 문장에서 주절과 함께 쓰여 부사절의 의미를 간결하게 표현하는 방법입니다.
주로 접속사 + 주어 + 동사 형태의 부사절을 분사구문으로 변환하여 문장을 간결하게 만들고 가독성을 높일 수 있습니다.
✅ 기본 구조
[분사구문] + 주절(Main Clause)
| 원래 문장 (부사절) | 분사구문으로 변환 |
|---|---|
| After she finished her work, she went home. | Finishing her work, she went home. |
| Because he was tired, he went to bed early. | Being tired, he went to bed early. |
| When the book was written, it became a bestseller. | Written in 2020, the book became a bestseller. |
2️⃣ 분사구문의 의미와 용법
분사구문은 문맥에 따라 다양한 의미로 사용될 수 있으며, 주로 시간, 이유, 조건, 양보 등을 나타냅니다.
🟢 1. 시간(Time)
Hearing the news, she cried.
= When she heard the news, she cried.
🟢 2. 이유(Reason)
Not knowing what to do, she asked for help.
= Because she didn’t know what to do, she asked for help.
🟢 3. 조건(Condition)
Turning left, you will find the library.
= If you turn left, you will find the library.
3️⃣ 주의해야 할 분사구문
❌ 1. 의미상 주어 문제 (Dangling Participle)
❌ Walking down the street, a car hit me.
✅ Walking down the street, I was hit by a car.
❌ 2. 분사구문의 시제 일치 문제
❌ Finishing his homework, he had dinner.
✅ Having finished his homework, he had dinner.
❌ 3. 태(능동/수동) 혼동
❌ Being completed the project, we went home.
✅ Having completed the project, we went home.
✅ 결론
분사구문을 사용할 때 주어 일치, 부정형 위치, 시제 일치, 능동/수동 구별 등에 주의해야 합니다.
💡 연습 문제
(_____) his work, he went to bed.(_____) the weather was bad, we still went hiking.
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